When the deadliest tsunami in history swept halfway around the world from Asia to East Africa on Boxing Day in 2004, the government of Kenya issued an alert, instructing people to vacate the beaches immediately. However, most people were reluctant to leave.
In general, the deepest and the most powerful earthquakes occur at plate collision (or subduction) zones at convergent plate boundaries. Where does a tsunami usually occur quizlet? Most tsunamis-about 80 percent -happen within the Pacific Ocean’s “Ring of Fire,” a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.
This of course begs the query “A tsunami will most likely be created at a?”
Most tsunamis are caused by earthquakes generated in a subduction zone, an area where an oceanic plate is being forced down into the mantle by plate tectonic forces. The friction between the subducting plate and the overriding plate is enormous. This friction prevents a slow and steady rate of subduction and instead the two plates become “stuck.” As the stuck plate continues to descend into the mantle, the motion causes a slow distortion of the overriding plate.
One of the next things we wanted the answer to was; what would most likely be caused by a tsunami?
Tsunamis are most often caused by earthquakes and landslides. These natural events push the water upward, sideways or downward to generate the tsunami waves. Volcanic eruptions can also cause tsunamis. Tsunamis are most common in the Pacific Ocean Basin.
Where are tsunamis most likely to hit?
On Christmas 2004, an earthquake under the Indian ocean triggered waves of water that killed over 230,000 people, most in a matter of hours. In the U. S, the states that are most likely to be hit by tsunamis are basically all states that have ocean coastlines. (These are cities where hurricanes would cause the most damage .).
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What is a tsunami?
A tsunami is a series of extremely long waves caused by a large and sudden displacement of the ocean, usually the result of an earthquake below or near the ocean floor. This force creates waves that radiate outward in all directions away from their source, sometimes crossing entire ocean basins.
While researching we ran into the inquiry “How do earthquakes and tsunamis happen?”.
The Smithsonian Institution, and the U. Earthquakes happen when plates move with respect to each other because the friction and stress at the edges of plates prevent them from slipping smoothly at their boundaries. For an earthquake to generate a tsunami you need :.
How are tsunamis created at convergent boundaries?
Convergent boundaries are the big culprits. When one plate is forced to dive beneath another plate, there is no way to do it except with some component of vertical motion. The cartoon below shows how an earthquake at a convergent boundary (subduction zone) creates a tsunami.
What should you do before a tsunami occurs?
You should be able to reach the highest ground possible on foot within 15 minutes. Practice your evacuation routes. Familiarity may save your life. Be able to follow your escape route at night and during inclement weather. Talk to your insurance agent. Homeowners’ policies do not cover flooding from a tsunami.
One more query we ran across in our research was “What to do before a tsunami occurs?”.
Take your getaway kit with you if possible. Do not travel into the areas at risk to get your kit or belongings. Take your pets with you if you can do so safely. Move immediately to the nearest higher ground, or as far inland as you can., and if evacuation.